Introduction:

Characteristics of fluorescence and phosphorescence emission, Time scale of excited state molecular processes in solution, Life times and quantum yields.

Steady state Fluorescence:

Basic instrumentation, Effects of solvents on fluorescence spectra (general and specific), The Lippert equation Biochemical applications of solvent effects: localization of membrane-bound and protein- bound fluorophores, Polarization of emission, Measurements of fluorescence Polarization, Extrinsic causes of fluorescence depolarization. Effect of rotational diffusion on fluorescence anisotropies: the perrin equation. Chemical and biochemical applications of anisotropy measurements.

Time-resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy:

Measurement of fluorescence lifetimes, instrumentation. mechanism and dynamics of solvent induced relaxation. Theories of fluorescence quenching. Radiative and nonradiative energy transfer. Applications. Phase-sensitive detection of fluorescence; Analysis of heterogeneous resonance by phase-sensitive detection. Time dependent decays of fluorescence anisotropy. Applications of Phosphorescence Spectroscopy: Fluorescence Line Narrowing Spectroscopy, Matrix Isolation Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Interactions and Kinetics of single molecules as observed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Multidimensional Luminescence Spectroscopy and its applications in Analytical Chemistry.

References

1. J.R.Lakowics, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York (1983).
2. Fluorescence Spectroscopy: New Methods and Applications’ Ed. O.S.Wolfbeis, Springer – Verlag (1993)
3. T.T.N’Dou and I.M.Warmer, Chem.Rev., 91 493 (D1991)